The Battle Of Religion During The 16th And 17th Centuries

During the 16th and 17th centuries a series of religious wars raged throughout Europe. In the fight to gain religious tolerance it created a split between the Catholics and the Protestants. The Dutch Revolt in the Spanish Netherlands was part of the series of religious wars in Europe. For ten years, a civil war raged in the Netherlands between the Catholics and the Protestants. Religion and politics were at the center of this revolt. Calvinism was spreading rapidly and became popular among the lower classes, lesser nobles, and town leaders. However, the strong Catholic King, Philip II desired to eliminate Calvinism within his territories. Philip II believed if he tackled Calvinism, then it would enhance his power in his monarchy. Therefore, politics were at the heart of this revolt since Philip II desired to impose Catholicism in an attempt to centralize his power in the Spanish Netherlands. Furthermore, politics and religion were also at the center of the French Wars of Religion. Th e religious differences between the two religious sects, the Huguenots and Roman Catholics, reveal that religion was also responsible for these series of wars in France. Therefore, politics and religion were both at the heart of the French Wars of Religion because it created fractional rivalries between the major families in France, members of the Royal Family made several attempts to sustain their power within the estate, and caused several religious battles between the Huguenots and the RomanShow MoreRelatedExpansion of Western Europe1095 Words   |  5 PagesWhile Western Europe was exploring new worlds overseas, the Russians were expanding westward across all of Eurasia. Religion played a major role in expansion for both the Portuguese and the Spanish due to their extensive anti-Muslim crusade. 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Essay about Applying the Sociological Imagination to...

There is much debate on what constitutes as a family today. However, Ball (2002) states, â€Å"The concept of the traditional family†¦is not an immutable one. It is a social construct that varies from culture to culture and, over time, the definition changes within a culture† (pp. 68). There is a growing diversity of families today including the commonality of sole-parenting. In order to explore aspects of sole-parenthood objectively, I need to reflect and put aside my personal experience of growing up in sole-parent household. Furthermore, this essay will explore the historical origins, cultural aspects discussing the influences and implications of gender identity, and social structures of sole-parent families, as well as consider the†¦show more content†¦As my parents grew further apart, my siblings and I grew closer together. Having grown up in a rural community, my father was greatly supported emotionally, as our family and friends could see how the pressure s of being the sole-provider weighed on him. Historically, one of the most economically vulnerable groups in New Zealand and other Western countries are sole-parent families (Family Commissions, 2010). When examining historical influences in New Zealand on sole-parenting, one must consider the influential changes the Second World War era had on families and family structures. Sole-parenthood was not particularly common during the this period, as most women married young and went on to have children while the men worked to provide for their families or went off to war. (Families Commission, 2008, June). Unmarried women who fell pregnant were scrutinized as being unfit mothers and shamed for getting pregnant outside of marriage. These women were heavily encouraged to give their babies up for adoption to allow their children to live a â€Å"normal† life and were seen as selfish if they chose to keep the baby (Else, A., 2012). It wasn’t until the 1960s and 1970s that more unmarried pregnant woman opted to keep their babies instead of putting them up for adoption (Else, A., 2012). Due to the financial pressures of sole-parenting the Domestic Proceedings Act was introduced in 1968, which required fathers to pay mothers some maintenance for

The Use Of Intravenous Urography Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Radiography scrutiny of urinary piece of land via endovenous injection of contrast media ( giving liquid substances straight into a vena ) .This construction became as a flow or urination.This flow did n’t demo a clear image in a general x-ray. We will write a custom essay sample on The Use Of Intravenous Urography Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although, with endovenous urography process, contrast media is injected into vena ( endovenous injection ) . Intravenous urography will finish information all about kidney disease, ureter and chafe bladder.This process consists of two phase.First, it needs good functional of kidney to filtrate dye comes out from blood to urine.Time that needed for dye to be on X ray is related with kidney function.Second stage gives anatomical image of urination piece of land. Between foremost proceedingss, the dye will give clear image of kidney, stage that called as nephrogram.The other image will follow dye that passes down to the ureter and saddle sore bladder.The last movie is taken after urine comes out will demo how the saddle sore vesica is emptied well.Intravenous urography by and large undergoes for valuate the abnormalcy construction or obstructor of the micturition piece of land. INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY HELPS IN THE PROBLEMS Kdney rocks in the kidney ( a rock in kidney or ureter will be shown clearly on the x-ray movie ) , Urine infection ( if patient has infection at the vesica or kidney, endovenous urography helps to happen if patients has obstructor or unnatural kidney ) , haematuria / hemorrhage in piss ( it is caused by infections, annoyance and tumour in kidney.with endovenous urography, it can assist to happen the cause ) , obstructor or amendss at any portion at urination piece of land can be seen by endovenous urography. Contrast MEDIA High- osmolality contrast media ( HOCM ) or low-osmolality contrast media ( LOCM ) are acceptable but the undermentioned ‘high hazard ‘ groups should have LOCM such as babies and little kids and the aged, those with nephritic and / or cardiac failure, ill hydrated patients, patients with diabetes, myelomatosis or sickle-cell anemia, patients who have had a old terrible contrast medium reaction with LOCM or those with a strong allergic history. ADULTS DOSE 50 milliliter. PAEDIATRIC DOSE 1 ml kgE†°? . PATIENT PREPARATION No nutrient for 5 hours prior to the examination.The patient should non be overhydrated but should be usually hydrated.Dehydration is non necessary and does non better image quality.Patients should be, sooner, be ambulatory for 2 hr prior to the scrutiny to cut down intestine gas.The everyday disposal of bowel readying fails to better diagnostic quality of the scrutiny and its usage makes the scrutiny and its usage makes the scrutiny more unpleasant for the patient, others claim there is no grounds this is advantageous. The patient should avoid the heavy repast prior to the scrutiny to cut down the sum of intestine gas, and the vesica should be empty.If the scrutiny is to be performed on a patient who has antecedently had a terrible contrast medium reaction, consideration should be given to administrating methyl Pediapred 32 milligram orally 12 and 2 hr prior to injection of contrast medium inaddition to guaranting that a LOCM is used Preliminary radiogram should be taken to show possible calcifications, concretions or other abnormalcies in the venters to happen the place of the kidneys, and to look into the technique factors. Preparation BEFORE INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY EXAMINATION The kidney should can be filter the contrast.For that, it is rare to make if the patient has unfunctional kidney.Before the process, the patient needs to undergoes blood trial to do certain the kidney is good function.The patient should inform the physician if there are any allergic reaction, prior to the contrast media likes iodine.The patient informed that do non devour any heavy repast certain hours before the procedure.This is to do certain, the patient ‘s colon is free from nutrients that can do the image became clear .The patient will be given laxatives ( dulcolax / heavy doses causes painful cramps ) before the procedure.the intent is to clean the intestine that can do the x-ray image more clear.The patient will besides be given the informed consent for patient understand about the procedure.If patient has diabetes and takes Glucophage, the patient should halt takes the pills for two yearss before the examination.This is caused by the combination of Glucophage and contrast media that maybe gives side effects to the kidney. AFTER THE PROCEDURE After the endovenous urography process, the physician will name the movies discourse how to do colony with the patient and family.As an illustration, the physician can non see both of the kidney x-ray image clearly after four hours, the patient should let them to see for the following process. There are many causes of the obstructors is kidney stones.the other causes are mass, tumour or malignant neoplastic disease at the tissue near the ureter.Sometimes, the hemorrhage in kidney can do blood coagulum that cause obstructor of micturition from gall vesica and ureter. See of this scrutiny, the physician will do two actions ; either waiting for yearss for the rocks pass out in urine or refer to the specializer of the Urology that maestro in micturition disease.If the endovenous urography shown the obstructor of big rock in the upper or in-between portion of ureter, the urologist possibly used lithotripter machine that send sound moving ridges to interrupt rocks to little atoms that can go through through the ureter easy and comes out from organic structure via piss. PRELIMINARY FILM Supine, full length AP of the venters, in inspiration.The lower boundary line of the cassette is at the degree of the symphysis pubic bone and x-ray beam is centred in the mid-line at the degree of the iliac crests. Technique The average antecubital vena is the preferable injection site because flow is retarded in the cephalic vena as it pierces the clavipectoral fascia.A 19-G is advanced up the vena to cut down the hazard of a perivenous injection and the injection is given quickly as a bolus to maximise the denseness of the nephrogram.Upper arm or shoulder hurting may be due to stasis of contrast medium in the vein.This is relieved by abduction of the arm. The patient is undress ( have oning infirmary gown ) and lying on the x-ray table.The contrast media is injected into venas or the arm.Ptient possibly feels pain.The contrast media is filtered via kidney and to ureter.The uninterrupted x-ray image is taken at the venters, normally every five proceedingss to ten proceedingss. Patient is lying on the x-ray tabular array when the x-ray image is taken but, the patient will teach to travel to the lavatory for micturution before the last x-ray image is taken.Although, a few x-ray image is taken for hours before the examinationin certain conditions.Patient can endorse place after the process is done.Patient can devour normal repast after the scrutiny. Movies IMMEDIATE FILM Anteroposterior ( AP ) renal areas.This movies is exposed 10-14 seconds after the injection ( arm-to-kidney clip ) .Its purposes to demo the nephrogram, as an illustration the nephritic parenchyma opacified by contrast mediain the nephritic tubules. 5-MINUTES FILM AP nephritic areas.This movie is taken to find if eliminations is symmetrical and is priceless for measuring the demand to modify technique, as an examplea farther injections of contrast media if there has been hapless initial opacification. A compaction set is now applied around the patient ‘s venters and the balloon positioned halfway between the anterior superior iliac spinal columns, as an illustration exactly over the ureters as they cross the pelvic brim.The purpose is to bring forth better pelvicalyceal distension.Compression is contraindicated after recent abdominal surgery, after nephritic injury, if there is a big abdominal mass and when the 5-minutes movie shows already distended calyces. 15-MINUTES FILM Ap of nephritic areas.There is normally equal distention of the pelvicalyceal systems with opaque piss by this time.Compression is releasd when satisfactory presentation of the pelvicalyceal systems has been achieved. RELEASE FILM Supine AP abdomen.This movie is taken to demo the whole urinary tract.If this movie is satisfactory, the patient is asked to empty their vesica. AFTER MICTURITION FILM Based on the clinical findings and the radiological findings on the earlier movies, this will be either a full-length abdominal movie or a coned position of the vesica with the tubing angled 15 A ; deg ; caudad and centred 5cm above the symphysis pubic bone. The chief value of this movie is to measure vesica voidance, to show a return to normal of dilated upper piece of lands with alleviation of vesica force per unit area, to help the diagnosing of vesica tumours, to corroborate ureterovesical junction concretion and, uncommonly, to show a urethral diverticulum in females. RISKS AND SIDE EFEECTS There are small opportunities to acquire malignant neoplastic disease from radiation exposure.Radiation dosage that effectual from this process this is 3msv, same like people who are got the radiation in one year.Contrast media that is used in endovenous urography can do to irritation reaction to patients, sometimes it need medical treatment.Pregnant adult female should inform physician or radiographer if they are pregnant. Small per centum of patient that got serious allergic reaction to contrast media, like unable to talk, breath or sup, swollen at lips and lingua, low blood force per unit area or faint.During the contrast media is injected, patient feels hot.This allergic reaction to contrast media is rare to happen.The effects is inflammation of the tegument, annoyance and conceited lips, The serious effects is hard in take a breathing and swoon cause of the low blood force per unit area. Decision Radiographer demand to hold a high grade of cognition, accomplishment, consciousness and involvement in this field so that they can carry through their day-to-day responsibilities efficaciously without seting patients life in danger.Contrast media is used in endovenous urography so that there are opaque or white countries at the kidney construction, ureter and vesica and this aid in better more clear x-ray image.Intavenous urography is an x-ray process that is used to name kidney jobs, ureter, vesica and urethra tract.This construction became it as micturition tract.The urination piece of land did n’t demo clear image in general x-ray image. Although, with endovenous uroraphy, contrast media is injected into the vien ( endovenous is the giving of liquid substances straight into a vena ) that focused at kidney and comes out through the ureter as urine.Contrast media will be opaque to the x-ray.So, the kidney, ureter and vesica will shown as white or opaque countries in x-ray image.X -ray image that green goods is known as endovenous urography. How to cite The Use Of Intravenous Urography Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD OF BUSINESS Essay Example For Students

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD OF BUSINESS Essay INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD OF BUSINESS Essay Technology has greatly altered the structure and operation of all industries. For the management of any existing business the central question is not whether technology will be relevant to your business, but rather what will we need to do to profit from that change. Technology is evolving many aspects of business and it creates many new business opportunities. During the last ten years information technology has experienced unprecedented levels of change, this technology is not only influencing the way in which we conduct business, it is changing the way in which we conduct our lives. We are a business-centered society. In todays competitive world, business professionals are increasingly aware of the value of managing relationships and communicating effectively, both within the workgroup and with their customers. Information technology has become an important part of most businesses. Information technology is a system used to control, manage, process and create information though technology and computers. In a survey written more than twelve years ago, John Browning wrote: Information technology is no longer a business resource; it is the business environment.1 Presently, ongoing advances in information technology, along with increasing global competition, are adding complexity to the business organizational environment. An organizations response the environment will continue to be the crucial determinate for its effectiveness. Business organizations needs to process information and make decisions will be substantially increased. The capabilities and flexibilities of computer-communication systems make them increasingly relevant to organizations by being able to respond to any specific information or communication requirement. 2 Computers have enabled companies to produce more data in the last 30 years than in the last 5000 years. Companies make large investments in Information Technology to enable then to manage the large amounts of data and make it available to the people who need it. Information Technology may be considered as comprising of five basic components computers, communications technology, work stations, robotics, and Computer chips.3 Although Information Technology describes a large range of systems there are still some underlining common features. An information system in the business world incorporates a group of people, equipment and procedures. It is there to collect, record, process, store and retrieve and present information that can be viable for the success of a business. There are a number of ways Information Technology can improve a companys performance. Increased efficiency: if programmed correctly, computers can monitor the data collection processes very efficiency, while also checking for human errors and providing help and guidance to the user. Most large-scale organizations are using computer-assisted interviewing as standard in many of their surveys simply because of the remarkable achievement good data collection programs. Modern computers are fast. They are able to complete tasks 100s of times faster than we would be able to. The average PC can already perform most multimedia functions such as reproducing photographic pictures as sharp as any film. The advantages for companies can range from creating advertisement for your company to monitoring stock controls. Many companies success is dependent on the data that it is able to retrieve. Shared databases, enables companies to remove barriers between departments giving staff more accurate information and greater competency to serve customers. Internally, a company can use Technology to streamline, integrate and synchronize key operating processes (such as procurement, order fulfillment and customer service). This can enable a company to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of supply and distribution channels. Benefits are achieved when a company harnesses information and knowledge located inside and outside the company to improve the performance of individuals and groups as they make decision and take actions. There are many computer software packages geared toward business such as: word processing software (it enables the user to write, edit and format documents); spreadsheet software, (used to prepare and analyze numbers like those used for fiscal services, sales and budgeting); Database software (an electronic filing cabinet, it records, updates and store information); desktop publishing software (used to produce a number of advertisements such as brochures, catalogs, advertisement and newsletter). The individuals and groups in question may belong to the same organizations or they may be customers, suppliers and business partners working with company employees to achieve common goals; as well as making .